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The SMART Way To Fight AIDS
A critical long-term study to determine which of two common HIV treatment strategies ultimately is
better began last week at 21 national locations and several sites in Australia. SMART, or Strategies for Management of
Anti-Retroviral Therapies, will eventually enroll 6,000 people who will be monitored for up to nine years. The study is being
conducted by the Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), a network of community-based researchers
funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). more
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Public Health Service Task Force Recommendations For Use Of Antiretroviral Drugs In Pregnant
HIV-1-Infected Women For Maternal Health And Interventions To Reduce Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission In The United
States
These recommendations update the May 4, 2001 guidelines developed by the Public Health Service
for the use of zidovudine (ZDV) to reduce the risk for perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission.
This report provides health-care providers with information for discussion with HIV-1 infected pregnant women to enable such
women to make an informed decision regarding the use of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and use of elective cesarean
delivery to reduce perinatal HIV-1 transmission. Various circumstances that commonly occur in clinical practice are presented
as scenarios and the factors influencing treatment considerations are highlighted in this report. It is recognized that strategies to
prevent perinatal transmission and concepts related to management of HIV disease in pregnant women are rapidly evolving.
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Pediatric Antiretroviral Drug Information
Members of the Working Group on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected
Children have developed this Antiretroviral Drug Information Hyperlink document. As new information becomes available, the
document will be updated. This document contains detailed information about the different classes of antiretroviral agents.
Promising investigational agents currently under study in adults and/or children is included. more
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Safety And Toxicity Of Individual Antiretroviral Agents In Pregnancy
There are currently six approved nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Data are
available from clinical trials in human pregnancy for zidovudine and lamivudine, while didanosine and stavudine are under study.
Zalcitabine and abacavir have not been studied in pregnant women. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is the first acyclic nucleotide
analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The nucleoside analogue drugs require three intracellular phosphorylation steps to form
the triphosphate nucleoside, which is the active drug moiety; tenofovir, an acyclic nucleotide analogue drug, contains a
monophosphate component attached to the adenine base, and hence only requires two phosphorylation steps to form the active
moiety. more
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Information For Health Care Workers: Exposure To Blood - What You Need To Know Know
Health-care workers are at risk for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including
hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Exposures occur through
needlesticks or cuts from other sharp instruments contaminated with an infected patient's blood or through contact of the eye,
nose, mouth, or skin with a patient's blood. Important factors that may determine the overall risk for occupational transmission
of a bloodborne pathogen include the number of infected individuals in the patient population, the chance of becoming infected
after a single blood contact from an infected patient, and the type and number of blood contacts. more
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