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Community Interventions to Promote Healthy Social Environments: Early Childhood Development and Family Housing
The sociocultural environment exerts a fundamental influence on health. Interventions to improve education, housing, employment, and access to health care contribute to healthy and safe environments and improved community health. The Task Force on Community Preventive Services (the Task Force) has conducted systematic reviews of early childhood development interventions and family housing interventions. The topics selected provide a unique, albeit small, beginning of the review of evidence that interventions do effectively address sociocultural factors that influence health. Based on these reviews, the Task Force strongly recommends publicly funded, center-based, comprehensive early childhood development programs for low-income children aged 3--5 years. The basis for the recommendation is evidence of effectiveness in preventing developmental delay, assessed by improvements in grade retention and placement in special education. more
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Darkness Associated With Uninhibited Behavior Could Yield Clues To Treating Eating Disorders
A New Year's resolution to diet may have its dark side. Longer nights and overcast skies common in winter may actually make dieters more susceptible to binge eating, a UCI School of Social Ecology study has found. more
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Computerized Tool Predicts Sarcoma Survival
In a development that holds promise for advancing the treatment of patients with sarcoma, researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have developed a new prognostic tool that is more accurate than any previously available for this disease. The tool, called a nomogram, is a computerized statistical program that may enable doctors to more accurately predict patient outcome, allowing doctors and patients to better design treatment and ensure that patients at greatest risk of recurrence can be more aggressively treated, while patients at low risk can avoid unnecessary additional treatment. more
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A Group Of Genes Critical For Brain Development Is Selectively Disrupted In Down Syndrome
Using stem cells as a window to the earliest developmental processes in the human brain, scientists have found that a group of genes critical for brain development is selectively disrupted in Down syndrome. Writing in the recent issue (26 January 2002) of the British medical journal The Lancet, a team of scientists from the University of Cambridge, University College London and the University of Wisconsin-Madison report findings from a genetic study based on stem cells derived from Down syndrome and normal fetal tissue. more
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Urinary Incontinence Of Rural Older Women Dramatically Improved By Behavioral Techniques
Research has shown that rural older women with the common condition of urinary incontinence (UI), who received a behavioral management intervention in their homes, reduced UI severity by a surprising 61%, compared to the control group, whose UI severity increased by 184%. These findings were based on data collected two years after the women began the study. Details of the study appear in the February issue of Research in Nursing and Health. The research was funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research, part of the National Institutes of Health. more
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