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Studies offer new insight into HIV vaccine development
Mutations that allow AIDS viruses to escape detection by the immune system may also hinder the viruses' ability to grow after transmission to new hosts, scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madison announced this week in the journal Nature Medicine.
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HIV exhausts the immune system through chronic non-specific activation
Like most persistent viruses, HIV uses a variety of strategies to counteract its host's response to infection. HIV infects the very cells that coordinate the immune response, which compromises the immune system and leaves the body susceptible to normally harmless microorganisms. It is these opportunistic infections, rather than the virus itself, that make HIV so deadly.
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Surgery safer at teaching hospitals: Higher procedural volumes account for fewer deaths, shorter hospital stays
Having a less experienced surgical resident or even a medical student involved in complex surgical procedures may cause some patients to feel uneasy. But a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers has found patients undergoing complex gastrointestinal surgery at teaching hospitals are less likely to die or experience complications than those patients at non-teaching hospitals, primarily because teaching hospitals tend to perform these surgeries more often.
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Women pleased with preventive mastectomy decision: survey
Women at high risk of getting breast cancer who undergo preventive double mastectomies suffer minimal psychological and physical distress as a result, says a new study. more
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Hair dye use increases risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Yale researchers have found that lifetime users of hair coloring products have an increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), a cancer that attacks the lymphatic system, part of the body's immune system. more
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Young people prone to type 2 diabetes exhibit alterations in mitochondrial activity
Researchers at Yale have found that decreased activity in muscle mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell, may be a major factor in the development of type 2 diabetes in young, lean offspring of parents with the disease.
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The link between funding and the disclosure of clinical trial results
There have been several conflicting reports in the medical literature about whether industry funding influences research findings and conclusions. This week's Canadian Medical Association journal looks in depth at the issue. more
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